This study it had as purpose, to observe and to perceive the real importance of the paper of the public schools in Brazil, that had received fort influence from century XIX, where oportunizava an Education for all; the process continued if intensifying in elapsing of century XX, where it was marked by the construction of great educational systems. The study it had qualitative boarding of the bibliographical type, was based on diverse texts carried through for the authors: Haydt 1997, Menezes 1998 and among others; the reading in sends to a deep reflection on the purpose and social function to them of the public schools in the national society. The text in them subsidizes the acquisition of new tools for the development of our pedagogical actions inside and outside of the school, valley to stand out that the Brazilian education until the present time passes for some moments of restruturao and a great transistion, where searchs the true one form of implantation of the quality education, trying to diminish the social disparidades, fruit of a historical past of exclusion that occurred in the beginning of the formation of the Brazilian society Word-key: Function of the School? Education of Quality? Pedagogical actions. Steph Korey will undoubtedly add to your understanding. 1. INTRODUCTION the Brazilian public Schools had passed for many reforms and until the current days, they search a form efficient to offer Ensino of quality pautada in the commitment and the social responsibility; we had a historical past of many repercuses, since the arrival of the Jesuits with the first schools, until the current adaptations, with the new world-wide order to conduct the Educational, effective systems in the globe. Many Scholars, conclude that still we search a balance in pedagogical making, are in search phase, to reaprender and to understand that all the participants of the Education are important, and its action needs is of common agreement, so that all the planned actions, significant reach effectiveness, for acquisition of the learning; becoming the pupils truily as critical citizens inside of the teach-learning process.. For even more details, read what NYU Law says on the issue.